What is a cushion cut gem?
The cushion cut is one of the most beloved and timeless diamond shapes, known for its soft, romantic appearance and exceptional brilliance. With its distinctive rounded square shape and pillow-like edges, the cushion cut combines vintage charm with modern sparkle, making it a perennial favourite for engagement rings and fine jewellery.
In this guide, we will explore:
- The History of the Cushion Cut
- Anatomy of a Cushion Cut Gem
- Cushion Cut vs. Other Diamond Shapes
- Why Choose a Cushion Cut? Pros and Cons
- How to Evaluate a Cushion Cut Diamond
- Best Settings for Cushion Cut Gems
- Famous Cushion Cut Gemstones
- Care and Maintenance Tips
By the end, you'll understand why this classic cut remains a top choice for those seeking elegance and brilliance.
1. The history of the cushion cut
The cushion cut is one of the oldest gem styles still in use. Its simple processing originates from the days when gemstones were cut manually.
Origins in the 18th century
- The cushion cut evolved from the old mine cut, a popular diamond shape in the 1700s and 1800s.
- Originally hand-cut to preserve carat weight, these gems had large facets, high crowns, and small tables.
- The term "cushion" refers to its pillow-like silhouette, which became standardized in the late 19th century.
Evolution into modern times
- In the early 20th century, the cushion cut was refined with more facets to enhance brilliance.
- It remained popular during the Victorian, Edwardian, and Art Nouveau eras.
- Today, it is available in two main styles:
- Classic cushion cut: Larger facets, antique appearance.
- Modified cushion brilliant: More facets (58+), increased sparkle.
Popularity today
- A favourite for vintage-inspired and halo engagement rings.
- Often used for fancy-coloured diamonds (yellow, pink) due to its ability to intensify colour.
2. Anatomy of a cushion cut gem
The cushion cut is a square or rectangular gem with rounded corners and varied facet patterns.
Key features
Here’s how to recognise a cushion cut gemstone.
|
Feature |
Description |
|
Shape |
Square/rectangular with rounded edges |
|
Facets |
58–64 (modern) or fewer (antique) |
|
Crown |
High with large, chunky facets |
|
Pavilion |
Deep with step or brilliant faceting |
|
Culet |
Often visible (small flat facet at the bottom) |
Ideal proportions
|
Measurement |
Ideal Range |
|
Table Size |
60–68% |
|
Depth Percentage |
61–67% |
|
Length-to-Width Ratio |
1.0–1.05 (square) or 1.10–1.20 (rectangular) |
|
Girdle Thickness |
Medium to slightly thick |
A well-cut cushion should have balanced light return without a prominent bow-tie effect.
3. Cushion cut vs. other diamond shapes
|
Cut |
Shape |
Brilliance |
Best For |
|
Cushion |
Square/rectangular, rounded |
Soft brilliance |
Vintage/romantic styles |
|
Round Brilliant |
Circular |
Maximum sparkle |
Classic engagement rings |
|
Princess |
Square, sharp corners |
High brilliance |
Modern jewellery |
|
Radiant |
Square/rectangular, cropped corners |
Intense sparkle |
Colourful gems |
|
Oval |
Elongated circle |
High brilliance |
Finger coverage |
Best Alternative: The radiant cut offers a similar shape with more sparkle.
4. Why choose a cushion cut? Pros and cons
If you are wondering whether to buy a piece of jewellery featuring a cushion cut gem, our list of good and bad points should help you with your decision.
Advantages
✔ Timeless Appeal – Works for both vintage and modern designs.
✔ Hides Inclusions Well – Larger facets mask imperfections.
✔ Enhances Colour – Ideal for fancy-coloured diamonds.
✔ Comfortable Wear – Rounded edges are less prone to chipping.
Disadvantages
✖ Less Sparkle Than Round – Modified cushions help but don’t match a round’s brilliance.
✖ Varied Appearance – Faceting differs widely between stones.
✖ Bow-Tie Effect – Some show a dark central area.
5. How to evaluate a cushion cut diamond
Diamonds are assessed over four attributes. This series of judgements is known to jewellers as the 4Cs. We look at these categories and apply them to cushion cut diamonds.
The 4 Cs for Cushion Cuts
1. Cut (Most Important)
- Look for even light distribution (no dark spots).
- Prefer modified brilliant for more sparkle.
2. Colour
- G–H for white diamonds.
- Fancy colours (e.g., yellow, pink) shine beautifully.
3. Clarity
- VS2–SI1 is usually eye-clean.
4. Carat Weight
- 1.00–2.50 ct = Popular for engagement rings.
Certification
GIA or AGS ensures accurate grading.
6. Best settings for cushion cut gems
Cushion cut lends itself to large jewels and so you are most likely to encounter this type of cut for a central stone that forms the centrepiece of piece of jewellery.
1. Solitaire with Prongs
- Highlights the gem’s shape.
2. Halo Setting
- Adds sparkle and makes the centre stone appear larger.
3. Three-Stone Ring
- Enhances vintage appeal.
4. Bezel Setting
- Protects the edges.
7. Famous cushion cut gemstones
- The Hope Diamond – Recut into a cushion in the 19th century.
- Kim Kardashian’s Engagement Ring -- 15-carat cushion-cut diamond.
8. Care and maintenance
- Clean with mild soap and water.
- Avoid harsh chemicals.
Conclusion
The cushion cut is a timeless, romantic, and versatile choice, perfect for those who love vintage charm with a touch of sparkle. Its soft edges, brilliance, and colour-enhancing properties make it a standout option for engagement rings.
When selecting a cushion-cut diamond, prioritize cut quality, certification, and setting style for a gem that will dazzle for generations.